I am a novice but have done cakes for about 6 years, mainly for friends and family.  A coworkers wife asked me if I could make this.  I don't know what type of frosting or whatever this is.  Any help would be appreciated!!!

it looks like fondant to me.......
 

that one looks like fondant but you can achieved that look with buttercream too.

looks like fondant, but most people do that design in bc.  In fact, I've never seen it done in fondant before!

I assumed fondant as well but it sure seemed like a lot of fondant and work for something that no one would really eat. 

now I need to go find a buttercream recipe that will do that.  Mine won't stand up that well.  I need more powdered sugar...right.....to make it more firm?

Yes, more powder sugar will make it stiffer.

A meringue buttercream will be able to get that. with thinner ruffles. http://sweetapolita.com/2010/11/rich-ruffled-chocolate-celebration-cake/